The producers have to think of the codes and conventions, to relate to the newspaper (tabloid or broadsheet). The different parts of a newspaper is what attracts the audience (by making the stories and supplements appeal to them) and makes them buy it.
The following list is a couple of codes and conventions which are included in a newspaper:
Banner - this is what people know which brand is which, they will recognise the brand logo/image and figure out which newspaper it is. For example the Sun's logo is red and white (very patriotic and easy to read) and also refers to the England flag.
Compared to the Daily Telegraph formal it is very outstanding, the Daily Telegraph use a black font which looks upper class and a lot more formal, relating to the newspaper in general.
The Sun's banner is more appealing to the audience as it is eye catching and outgoing, instead of being plain black/white and very formal it relates to the stories inside the newspaper which are made to interest a younger target audience. I think the bright colours only appeal to The Sun and not The Daily Telegraph as the readers are completely different, with the daily telegraph it is about 90% text and the readers choose it because they enjoy text more than images, they want it to be simple and focus on getting the information across.
another difference is the suns banner can relate to England's flag which implies the readers take an interest of what happens in the UK only, whereas the daily telegraph readers like hearing stories that have happened in other countries too.
Masthead - these are on all newspapers and usually include names of the people involved in the certain edition of the newspaper (for example writer, publisher etc). Also it usually states the date of publication and title of the newspaper (like a certain sort of a banner).
Slogan - people can relate a certain slogan to a certain newspaper. For example, the sun's slogan is 'Britain's most popular newspaper'. When readers hear this they know which newspaper it is. Instead of a slogan for the Daily Telegraph they use adverts at the top near the banner saying 'Free tablet' or 'free tomorrow' making the audience want to continue buying it and get free items. The Daily Telegraph uses the slogan 'Newspaper of the year'.
These slogans relate to their specific audience as the Sun's is relating to Britain (the country that the stories are focused on) also it attracts a mainstream audience as it only uses relevant stories that they think would interest people the most. Also by stating 'Britain's' it is saying that all the readers are the same and share the same interests. With the Daily Telegraph they are suggesting that they are the best newspaper to choose for the news of the world, also with it being 'of the year' they are saying that they have beaten the others through all seasons.
Price/Date - each newspaper has a price and date on every day (the date to which day its on sale and the price in case there are any special offers etc) usually just the same price all year round.
As you can see the sun is 40p, and 60p on Saturdays. This is affordable for those who are lower in the socio-economic status (C2 and DE classes). Compared to the Daily Telegraph which is £1.20 on weekdays and £2.00 on Saturdays. This shows that those who have more money/better jobs can afford to pay this each day (class AB adults).
The prices of each newspaper link to the jobs of the buyers and readers, with The Sun only being pennies it means that people can afford it even if they are on the dole or have a low income job.
However with the Daily Telegraph being a couple of point daily it will eventually add up which can cost a lot to people with low salaries, to be able to afford this broadsheet the readers would have to have quite a high up job, for example an accountant.
The newspapers are priced depending on what content is inside them, for example the tabloid that is only 40-60p will have more informal content and sometimes content that a broadsheet wouldn't. It would probably focus more on the smaller stories and sport which is suitable for the specific target audience. With the Daily Telegraph they are a bigger newspaper and focus on more upper-class stories such as the royal family (compared to minor celebrities like in the Sun), the buyers of the broadsheet pay this extra money because they want to read more on the stories inside.
Main/Lead Story - this is usually the biggest and most important story which is put onto the front of the newspaper. When on a broadsheet the lead story is usually filled with a text and a small image, but on a tabloid it is usually 50/50. This is to be most suitable for the target audience.
With the Daily Telegraph being about 80% text it implies that the readers are more educated and can read better, compared to the Sun's lead stories as they are usually only about 5-6 bold words and a big picture.
Colours - on a Tabloid newspaper the colours are always brighter (red/yellow/blue etc) to make it outstanding and eye catching. Compared to a broadsheet (where the colours are dull such as black/grey/dark blue) they are also to suit the target audience.
Above you can see two lead stories from the Sun and the Daily Telegraph, they are completely different but both attract to their certain target audiences.
Also, with the colours you can see that tabloids have a lot brighter colours (red, yellow, blue) and how broadsheets are usually only black and white, with sometimes a little bit of dark blue.
Adverts (small ad / Display ad) - these are to advertise other companies/products, depending on the type of newspaper the adverts differ. For example on a broadsheet they advertise brands such as Pandora, Gucci etc (the more expensive brands) and on a tabloid they offer you coupons, vouchers, or different deals. They imply that if you buy a broadsheet you can afford the more valuable items.
This includes mobile phone adverts, in broadsheets they include adverts for the more expensive phone contracts (eg £40-£50 a month) and in tabloid they try to help you and advertise £20/month contracts, as they know the readers socio-economic classes are different.
Display ad - these are usually put next to an article to attract customers attention after they have read. Display ads are fairly large and usually promote something which have a larger budget (especially in broadsheets). The bigger the advert the more cost the product usually is (as the businesses have to pay more for bigger adverts). Then the small ad are usually cheaper products, for example 2 for 1 tickets or a certain advertisement for a new TV show.
On this edition of the Daily Telegraph they are advertising watches and rings, as you can see they are made of silver/diamonds so they must cost a lot. By advertising products at this price it shows that the audience is better class than a tabloid reader.
This is an example of how the images differ in tabloids and broadsheets even if the storyline is the same. As you can see in the Sun they are using a picture that attracts the male audience (by showing more skin) compared to the Daily Mail where it is just focused on the dress.
Psychographic profiles:
From the 4C's classification readers of the Sun are classed as strugglers, being people who are usually disorganised, little education, low earning jobs (for example people who spend most their salary on junk food, alcohol and lottery tickets). Jobs including mechanics or builder.
An example of this is the Sun where they focus a lot on sport as this would be relative for the job classes (builders), also they like to use minor celebrities which everyone seems to gossip about at the certain time.
For the Daily Telegraph the classification of the audience is seen as resigned, people who tend to live in the past, but have an interest for business and the economy. They have a higher income so can afford the bigger newspaper and more valuable adverts, jobs can include accounting, office workers or bank workers.
The Daily Telegraph uses this class wisely as they know that they can charge extra for their newspaper and people will still buy it because they can afford it and want to read the news. The job classes are very similar to the content of the broadsheet (for example Businessman) as the newspaper always includes stock levels/exchanges.
Depending on what type of newspaper it is defines it's category, below are some examples I have put into a table:
Left Right
The Guardian The Financial Times
The Daily Mirror The Times
The Observer The Sun
The Independent Daily Mail
The Daily Telegraph Daily Star
How producers use audience feedback to improve their product:
It is easy for producers to receive feedback now as it is everywhere such as Twitter, Facebook, Survey-monkey. Many ways to receive feedback are short and free now, websites such as survey-monkey you can set up your own anonymous questionnaires or answer someone else's, this is very helpful for feedback as it is free, and doesn't take much of your time (depending on the length of the survey).
Producers should take feedback often as it will help them develop and make a better product. For example if they realise that their product has went in the wrong direction (people are complaining) they will have to find out what the audience/customers wants changing, so they can make these fixes and make it better for the target audience.
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